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It is used as an expectorant and antitussive to treat lung congestion, cough, other respiratory ailments, and sore throat.
In southern China, luo han guo is popularly considered a longevity aid and is used to balance heat buildup caused by internal conditions, life-forces, or external heat. It is used as an expectorant and antitussive to treat lung congestion, cough, other respiratory ailments, and sore throat. It also is used for constipation and chronic enteritis. Luo han guo is a lowcaloric, lowglycemic food used as a sweetener in beverages and cooked food.
BotanyLuo han guo refers to the fruit of S. grosvenori , a perennial, dioecious, herbaceous climbing vine, 2 to 5 m in length. It is cultivated in southern China, mainly in the Guangxi, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hunan, and Jiangxi provinces, with most of the product from the mountains of Guilin. The round, green fruit turns brown when dried and is covered with small hairs. This is a distinct plant from bitter melon, Momordica charantia .
HistoryLuo han guo has been used for centuries in China and in Southeast Asia for its sweet flavor and medicinal properties. Historic writings record Song Dynasty monks brewing it as a medicinal beverage more than 800 years ago. The dried fruit has been used as an ingredient in soup or stew to prevent symptoms of long-term conditions or for ongoing treatment. It is used as a tea for immediate relief of discomfort.Â
ChemistrySiomenoside I, neomogroside, and other terpene glycosides, collectively called mogrosides, have been isolated from S. grosvenori .
The sweetness of this plant has been attributed to the mogrosides V and VI, in addition to glucose and fructose. Mogroside V (esgoside) is the most abundant. 2 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 Concentrations of mogroside V vary in the range of 0.81% to 1.29% w/w, depending on the anatomical part of the fruit. 28-Norcucurbitacins isolated from S. grosvenori are the siraitic acids A, B, C, D, and E. 4 The ribosome inactivating protein momorgrosvin also has been isolated and characterized.
